On June 5, , the jury found Casey not guilty of first-degree murder, aggravated child abuse, and. Deviance has had many definitions over the years as sociology has evolved and reevaluated the changing world. Although the definitions created by prominent sociologists including Erickson, Humphrey and Becker, differ there are resounding commonalities include the attention drawn to behavior outside of social norms, the label of deviance being transferred to an individual by way of social consensus and finally the societal reaction to the behavior that will either define it as deviant or not Franzese.
Foucault opens the chapter with an extremely descriptive and gory representation of a public execution. The purpose of this was to display how execution have changed from being in the public eye to behind closed doors using the electric chair and legal injections. It was done in this fashion to deter individuals from committing heinous crimes.
Today, the cost of prison time, fines, etc.. Punishment has become less about effecting the body and more about the changing the souls and integrating them back into society. Foucault address the changing definition of crime and how power is exerted through the enforcement of punishment. During the monarchy, kings and queens showed their power and authority of the people by determining what punishment someone would receive for their actions.
In the current political system, judges and juries are in the position to make these decisions. Judgement is the current system is based on motives and intent rather than on the severity of the crime alone. Offenses became objects of scientific knowledge. The development of a new penal system in Europe led to the soul of the criminal as well as the crime being judged.
The power to punish becomes fragmented. Psychiatrists now decide on a criminal's medico-legal treatment. The adoption of these non-legal elements meant that the judge is not the only one who acts or judges. This book is a genealogy of the modern soul and the power to judge. It follows four general rules: one to regard punishment as a complex social function; two to regard punishment as a political tactic; three to see whether the history of penal law and of the human sciences are linked; four to try to find in changes in penal techniques a political technology of the body and a general history of changing power relations.
We need to situate punishment within systems of production and the political economy of the body. Historians have yet to consider the body as a subject of political power or power relations. The body is subjected to a body of knowledge; this is the political technology of the body.
A "micro-physics" of power operates; power is a strategy, and we need to decipher it in a system of relations that can be called political anatomy. Power is not a property but a strategy evident in the relations between people. Power relations operate and exist through people. They go right down into society.
We need to realize that power and knowledge are related. We should think of the body politic as a series of routes and weapons by which power operates. A history of the micro-physics of power is an element in the genealogy of the modern soul. Upon the idea of the "soul", concepts of the psyche, personality and consciousness are created, as well as scientific techniques and claims. This is not a substitution of the soul for the real man; now, the soul is the prison of the body.
Foucault ends by relating his commitment to modern prisoners, and to writing a history of the present. SparkTeach Teacher's Handbook. Important Quotes Explained.
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